Diamond Annual Review 2023/24

10 D I A M O N D L I G H T S O U R C E A N N U A L R E V I E W 2 0 2 3 / 2 4 Diamond-II P. Coll, A.J. Dent, S. French, K. Poulter, R.P.Walker Diamond-II funding The major upgrade of the Diamond facility, the Diamond-II Project, has advanced considerably in the last year, the highlight being the announcement of funding by the government and theWellcome Trust, see Figure 1. Diamond-II Project Introduction The Diamond-II Project consists of five main pillars as shown in Fig. 2. In summary the project consists of: • Machine : A major upgrade of the storage ring to a low emittance multi- bend achromat lattice, which together with an increase in energy from 3 to 3.5 GeV will enhance the brightness in the hard X-ray region of the spectrum by up to a factor 70. An upgrade of the booster ring is also required to allow injection in the storage ring. • Beamlines : Three new flagship beamlines, upgrading of four beamlines from using bending magnet sources to higher performance insertion device sources and several critical beamline upgrades that are required in order the beamlines to remain operational in Diamond-II. • Core Software, Controls and Computing : Beamlines on Diamond-II will produce much greater quantities of data compared to Diamond requiring significant advancement of Diamond’s software and computing capability. • Buildings and Infrastructure : A new permanent building on-site, the Diamond Extension Building (DEB), is needed for assembly and storage of the girders that make up the storage ring. It will also provide much needed office and lab space. In addition further storage both on- and off-site will be required. Some infrastructure changes will also be needed to accommodate Diamond-II. • ProjectManagement : Development of theprojectmanagement processes and progress monitoring across the project will be carried out by this pillar. Machine The Technical Design Report for the machine upgrade was published in 2022 and no major changes to the design have occurred since then. As well as continuing detailed design work across all areas of the project, a significant amount of prototyping has also been carried out. Figure 2 shows the prototype girder equipped with dummy magnets of the same shape and weight as the final magnets, so that realistic vibration and alignments tests could be carried out. Prototype vacuum vessels have also been constructed and a complete vacuum vessel string has been successfully constructed and baked-out (Fig. 3). Procurement is now underway in earnest with several major orders already placed. Beamlines Work on the beamlines for Diamond-II has concentrated this year on completing the Conceptual Design Reports (CDRs) and subsequently the Technical Design Reports (TDRs) according to procedures that have been established over many years. Work on the beamlines is divided into four categories: Three new flagship beamlines • SWIFT: Fast Operando X-ray Spectroscopy • K04: Ultra-high throughput for MX and XChem • CSXID: Coherent Soft X-Ray Imaging and Diffraction Diamond-II Figure 1: Official announcement of the funding of Diamond-II by the Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology (centre), with representatives fromWellcome Trust (left) and STFC/UKRI (right), hosted by the Chair of the Diamond Board, Sir Adrian Smith (far right). Figure 2. Prototype girder with dummy magnets, as well one real prototype magnet (green). Figure 3. Complete 8m prototype vacuum vessel string.