Diamond Annual Review 2023/24

9 D I A M O N D L I G H T S O U R C E A N N U A L R E V I E W 2 0 2 3 / 2 4 Diamond’s beamlines: current operational status April 2024 Beamline Name and Number Main Techniques Energy / Wavelength Range Status Versatile MX micro (VMXm) Micro- and nano-focus in vacuum cryo-macromolecular crystallography (VMXm) 7 - 28 keV Optimisation Versatile MX in situ (VMXi) In situ microfocus macromolecular crystallography, Serial Synchrotron Crystallography 10 - 25 keV Operational I03 - MX Macromolecular crystallography (MX), Multiwavelength Anomalous Diffraction (MAD) 5 - 25 keV Operational I04 - Microfocus MX MX, MAD, variable and microfocus MX 6 - 18 keV Operational K04 - ultra-HT MX for XChem Automated, integrated, ultra-high throughput crystal preparation and MX for accelerated chemical biology 10 – 27 keV Diamond-II I04-1 - Monochromatic MX MX, XChem fragment screening 13.53 keV (fixed wavelength) Operational I05 - ARPES Angle-Resolved PhotoEmission Spectroscopy (ARPES) and nano-ARPES 18 - 240 eV; 500 eV Operational I06 - Nanoscience X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray photoemission microscopy and X-ray magnetic circular and linear dichroism 80eV - 2200eV Operational I07 - Surface and Interface Diffraction Surface X-ray diffraction, Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GIXD), Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS), X-ray Reflectivity (XRR) 6 - 30 keV Operational B07 - VerSoX: Versatile Soft X-ray Branch C: Ambient Pressure XPS and NEXAFS 110 - 2800 eV Operational Branch B: NEXAFS and High-Throughput XPS 45 - 2200 eV Operational I08 - Scanning X-ray Microscopy Scanning X-ray microscopy, NEXAFS/ XANES, X-ray fluorescence I08 branch: 250 eV - 4.4 keV Operational I08-1 - Soft and Tender X-ray Ptychography branch: 250 - 2000 eV Operational I09 - Atomic and Electronic Structure of Surfaces and Interfaces XPS (including HAXPES), X-ray StandingWaves (XSW), Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS), energy-scanned photoelectron diffraction Hard X-rays: 2.1 - 18+ keV Soft X-rays: 0.1 - 2.1 keV (currently 0.1 - 1.9 keV) Operational I10 - BLADE: Beamline for Advanced Dichroism Experiments Soft X-ray resonant scattering, XAS and X-ray magnetic circular and linear dichroism Circular: 400-1600eV; Linear Horizontal: 250- 1600eV; Linear Vertical: 480-1600eV Operational I11 - High Resolution Powder Diffraction X-ray powder diffraction 7 - 25keV (1.7 - 0.5 - 2.1 Å) Operational DIAD: Dual Imaging and Diffraction Correlated X-ray computed tomography (XCT) and microfocus X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) Imaging: 7 - 38 keV Diffraction: 7 - 38keV Operational I12 - JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing Time-resolved imaging and tomography; 2D detector for time-resolved powder diffraction, single crystal diffraction and diffuse scattering; energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXD); high-energy small angle X-ray scattering (limited capability) 53 keV - 150 keV monochromatic or continuous white beam Operational I13-1 - Coherence Nano-tomography: Ptychography, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD). 3D Bragg mapping: Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) and Ptychography 6 – 20 KeV Operational I13-2 X-ray imaging Phase Contrast Imaging; Tomography; Ptychography; Bragg CDI; Tomography 8 – 30 keV Operational I14 - Hard X-ray Nanoprobe Nanofocus X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and transmission diffraction (XRD) mapping., differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging,), ptychography and tomography 5 - 23 keV Operational SWIFT: SpectroscopyWithIn Fast Timescales X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (Quick-EXAFS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) mapping and tomography 4-34 keV Diamond-II I15 - Extreme Conditions Powder diffraction, single crystal diffraction Monochromatic and focused 20 - 80 keV White beam Operational I15-1 - XPDF X-ray Pair Distribution Function (XPDF) 40, 65, and 76 keV Operational I16 - Materials and Magnetism Resonant and magnetic single crystal diffraction, fundamental X-ray physics 2.5 - 15 keV Operational B16 - Test beamline Diffraction, imaging and tomography, topography, reflectometry 4 - 20 keV monochromatic focused 4 - 45 keV monochromatic unfocused White beam Operational I17 – CSXID: Coherent Soft X-Ray Imaging and Diffraction Ptychography, Tomography, Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Magnetic Circular and Linear Dichroism (XMCD/ XMLD) 250 eV – 2000 eV Diamond-II I18 - Microfocus Spectroscopy Microfocus X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) mapping and tomography 2.05 - 20.5 keV Operational B18 - Core XAS X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) 2.05 - 35 keV Operational I19 - Small-Molecule Single-Crystal Diffraction Small-molecule single-crystal diffraction 5 to 25 keV / 0.5 to 2.5 Å Operational I20 - LOLA: Versatile X-ray Spectroscopy X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES) and Energy Dispersive EXAFS (EDE) Dispersive branch: 6 - 26 keV Operational Scanning branch: 4.5 - 20 keV Operational I21 - Inelastic X-ray Scattering Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) Currently 250 - 1500 eV (to be upgraded to 250 - 3000 eV) Operational B21 - High Throughput SAXS BioSAXS, solution state small angle X-ray scattering 8 - 15 keV (set to 13.1 keV by default) Operational I22 - Small Angle Scattering and Diffraction Small angle X-ray scattering and diffraction: SAXS,WAXS, USAXS, GISAXS. Micro-focus SAXS Tensor Tomography. 7 - 20 keV Operational DL-SAXS (Offline SAXS instrument) SAXS/WAXS, GiSAXS/GiWAXS 9.2keV Operational B22 - MIRIAM: Multimode InfraRed Imaging And Mircrospectroscopy FTIR microscopy & FPA imaging FTIR and THz spectroscopy NEW FTIR nanospectroscopy s-SNOM and AFM IR microFTIR: 5,000-500cm 1 (2-20µm) FTIR/THz:10,000-10cm 1 (1-1000µm) nanoFTIR: 14000-800cm 1 (1-17µm) Operational Operational (collaborative mode) I23 - LongWavelength MX Long wavelength macromolecular crystallography 2.1 - 11 keV (1.1 - 5.9 Å) Operational B23 - Circular Dichroism Circular Dichroism (CD) Module A: 125-500nm for CD Imaging at 50 µm spatial resolution, and 96-cell HTCD. Module B: 180-650nm for MMP Imaging at 50 µm spatial resolution. Operational I24 - Microfocus and Serial MX MX, MAD, Serial Crystallography, high energy MX 7 - 30.0 keV Operational B24 - Cryo Transmission X-ray Microscopy (TXM) Full field X-ray imaging 200eV - 2600eV Optimisation