Diamond Annual Review 2025-26

0 20 40 60 80 100 turn number -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0. 5 1 1. 5 vertical amplitude (arb. units) single kick double kick To gain experience with this scheme, prototype components have been developed and tested in the existing storage ring. A vertical stripline kicker was installed in straight I19 in June 2025, initially without a power supply attached. This allowed the impedance to be checked by monitoring electron beam stability as a function of stored current along as well as recording the equilibrium temperatures of the stripline components. Once these tests were satisfactorily complete, the kicker could then be connected to a ±20 kV, 3 ns pulser to investigate the impact of kicking the electron beam. Figure 2 shows the estimated pulse at the striplines, based on measurements made at the attenuators. Various tests were carried out, including validation of the expected kick amplitudes, studies of pulse stability, impact on trailing bunches and confirmation of kick-and- cancel double-pulse operation. This final test can be seen in Figure 3 below, in which the oscillation amplitude of the target bunch is plotted as a function of time for five consecutive shots superimposed, with and without the second kick. Another important result was that it has been verified that a 3nC single bunch charge (typically used for hybrid mode) can be maintained while firing the double kick, but the bunch becomes unstable and is lost when using only a single kick, showing the expected benefit of the kick-and-cancel scheme over the previously proposed aperture sharing injection scheme in suppressing wakefields. The lessons learnt from these tests are now being incorporated into the Diamond-II designs, and the selection of cables, feedthroughs and attenuators has now been made. Figure 3: Proof-of-principle tests of the kick-and-cancel injection scheme. The plot shows the beam orbit for five consecutive kicks to the stored electron bunch, first with a just a single kick on turn eight (blue lines), then with the second kick five turns later (red lines). The Diamond Extension Building (DEB) will provide assembly areas and storage space for the construction of Diamond-II equipment prior to installation, as well as some additional office accommodation. Buildings Buildings and infrastructure SWIFT The DEB was completed and handed over to Diamond in December 2025 and underwent office and laboratory fit outs, allowing staff to progress the Diamond-II programme. An official opening ceremony was held on March 2026, attended by various dignitaries. Beamline cabin and services The new flagship beamlines have progressed with the main structures of SWIFT and CSXID well underway with a scheduled completion date of August 2026. Services installation for K04 have also recently commenced on site. 33 Machine 34 Annual review 2025/26 Buildings and infrastructure