Annual Review 2024-2025

The spectroscopy group Group, pushing the achievable time resolution towards the millisecond timescales. I18 is optimised for the 2D and 3D study of heterogenous samples using a variety of experimental techniques such as X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) imaging, micro X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (microXAS), and XRF and XRD micro-tomography (microCT). B18 is a general-purpose beamline optimised for the efficient collection of XAS over a wide energy range. The optical design, including the continuous scanning capabilities of the monochromator, together with the flexible experimental space and the large range of sample environment equipment available, make this beamline ideal for experiments that are performed under in situ and operando conditions. I20-Scanning is a high-flux wiggler beamline optimised for both, absorption and emission spectroscopy (XAS and XES). The XAS end-station The Spectroscopy Group consists of three operational beamlines; the Microfocus Spectroscopy beamline (I18), the Core EXAFS beamline (B18), and the Versatile X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy beamline (I20- Scanning). An additional beamline, SWIFT, is being built as part of the Diamond-II programme. The three operational spectrometers are complementary in the energy ranges they cover, the size of their focused beam spots delivered to the sample, and the time resolutions they reach. This complementarity means that they can support research across many different scientific disciplines, from chemistry and catalysis through materials science, condensed matter physics, environmental and life science, energy materials and cultural heritage. The addition of SWIFT to the portfolio of beamlines will enhance the fast-scanning capabilities of the Spectroscopy D I A M O N D L I G H T S O U R C E L I M I T E D 27 Spectroscopy Group